The Destructive Effects of Cult Conversions Essay

A cult is a group of sadistic people that harm and take advantage of young, innocent people that are ripped away from their families and into a cold, dangerous world. There are many questions as to are cults really harmful. Cult leaders have many persuasive ways to trick you into believing their beliefs and their twisted ways of life. One common way that cult groups usually do is they pick out the most innocent and lonely victim. Then they make you feel comfortable and welcome and raise you on a pedestal, but then they start judging on how you choose to live and usually use religious ways to persuade you into their cult, tricking you into their society. Cult leaders frequently use brainwash and many other techniques that are†¦show more content†¦Even behind prison, they carved swastika symbols, (a symbol characterized with Nazis) onto their palm of their hands to praise their leader. The women who were convicted of the murders were convinced that they were doing no harm. Sti ll to this day Charles Manson has many followers that continue to praise him and his beliefs. The Ku Klux Klan have brained washed many people into believing that their race is superior to anybody else’s. The Ku Klux Klan along with Hitler were responsible for murdering millions of Jews. â€Å"The intent of such a group is to control and keep its members for life or until the victims cease to be of value to the leader.† (According to the Cult information Centre) To the Ku Klux Klan, the more warriors they recruit, the more powerful they become. The Ku Klux Klan does not dress up in sheets but they are still around trying to â€Å"fix† the world. The Branch Davidians were in a class of their own. They believed that their leader, David Koresh was the son of God. They believed that if they followed his scripture then they would go to heaven or in a paradise of their own. The Branch Davidian’s beliefs were so strong that they died believing that they were goi ng to go to heaven. Some of the survivors still to this day believed that David Koresh was the son of God. In an article in Caltech Counseling Center followers believed that, â€Å"We can rest assured that both spiritual forces and principles of our newShow MoreRelatedTragedy of Deforestation Essays2447 Words   |  10 Pagesmedicines, food, building materials, firewood, water, and all the spiritual elements that assist them. The decline of the forest means a loss of their elements which in turn comes malnutrition, increase in illnesses, dependency, adapting to another cult or custom, and in many cases live else where or the community eventually disappears. Secondly, deforestation impacts on a regional level. Forests guarantee the preserving of water, soils, plants, and wildlife. Their destruction causes, much seriousRead MorePapua New Guinea: Religion, Tradition and the Ensuing Violence1815 Words   |  8 Pageshospitals are some of the only places for these people to receive care. 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Corporate Social Responsibility Now and Then - 1537 Words

With the recent corporate scandals involving such companies as Enron and Martha Stewart, the concept of corporate social responsibility (CSR) has once again made its way to the forefront of contemporary management ideologies. However, CSR itself is not a new concept. In fact, societies as far back as the Ancient Mesopotamians (circa 1700 BC) incorporated CSR in their businesses. King Hammurabi introduced a code in which builders, innkeepers or farmers were put to death if their negligence caused the deaths of others, or major inconvenience to local citizens. With each new Enron managers of similar corporations are suddenly placed in the spotlight, causing plans to be put into action to create a more socially responsible company.†¦show more content†¦In Enron s case, Kenneth Lay s morality leaves something to be desired, even though his employees were taught all along to buy into this whole CSR thing. Senior management can put into action all the plans in the world to im plement better CSR within their corporations, but if they themselves do not practice social responsibility there is no hope for their company to become more socially responsible. For example, say a large automotive manufacturer has recently decided to become more socially-conscious, but its plant manager has continually ordered the waste oil of that day to be dumped into the river behind the plant. Since the executives have no idea this has been happening, they do not provide the manager with any increased budget to properly dispose of the waste oil. Not wanting to lose his job he turns the other cheek as his employees continue to dispose of the oil as before. Who s responsible here? 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Foundation and Empire 18. Fall Of The Foundation Free Essays

There was an atmosphere about the Time Vault that just missed definition in several directions at once. It was not one of decay, for it was well-lit and well-conditioned, with the color scheme of the walls lively, and the rows of fixed chairs comfortable and apparently designed for eternal use. It was not even ancient, for three centuries had left no obvious mark. We will write a custom essay sample on Foundation and Empire 18. Fall Of The Foundation or any similar topic only for you Order Now There was certainly no effort at the creation of awe or reverence, for the appointments were simple and everyday – next door to bareness, in fact. Yet after all the negatives were added and the sum disposed of, something was left – and that something centered about the glass cubicle that dominated half the room with its clear emptiness. Four times in three centuries, the living simulacrum of Hari Seldon himself had sat there and spoken. Twice he had spoken to no audience. Through three centuries and nine generations, the old man who had seen the great days of universal empire projected himself – and still he understood more of the Galaxy of his great-ultra-great-grandchildren, than did those grandchildren themselves. Patiently that empty cubicle waited. The first to arrive was Mayor Indbur III, driving his ceremonial ground car through the hushed and anxious streets. Arriving with him was his own chair, higher than those that belonged there, and wider. It was placed before all the others, and Indbur dominated all but the empty glassiness before him. The solemn official at his left bowed a reverent head. â€Å"Excellence, arrangements are completed for the widest possible sub-etheric spread for the official announcement by your excellence tonight.† â€Å"Good. Meanwhile, special interplanetary programs concerning the Time Vault are to continue. There will, of course, be no predictions or speculations of any sort on the subject. Does popular reaction continue satisfactory?† â€Å"Excellence, very much so. The vicious rumors prevailing of late have decreased further. Confidence is widespread.† â€Å"Good!† He gestured the man away and adjusted his elaborate neckpiece to a nicety. It was twenty minutes of noon! A select group of the great props of the mayoralty – the leaders of the great Trading organizations – appeared in ones and twos with the degree of pomp appropriate to their financial status and place in mayoral favor. Each presented himself to the mayor, received a gracious word or two, took an assigned seat. Somewhere, incongruous among the stilted ceremony of all this, Randu of Haven made his appearance and wormed his way unannounced to the mayor’s seat. â€Å"Excellence!† he muttered, and bowed. Indbur frowned. â€Å"You have not been granted an audience. â€Å" â€Å"Excellence, I have requested one for a week.† â€Å"I regret that the matters of State involved in the appearance of Seldon have-â€Å" â€Å"Excellence, I regret them, too, but I must ask you to rescind your order that the ships of the Independent Traders be distributed among the fleets of the Foundation.† Indbur had flushed red at the interruption. â€Å"This is not the time for discussion.† â€Å"Excellence, it is the only time,† Randu whispered urgently. â€Å"As representative of the Independent Trading Worlds, I tell you such a move can not be obeyed. It must be rescinded before Seldon solves our problem for us. Once the emergency is passed, it will be too late to conciliate and our alliance will melt away.† Indbur stared at Randu coldly. â€Å"You realize that I am head of the Foundation armed forces? Have I the right to determine military policy or have I not?† â€Å"Excellence, you have, but some things are inexpedient.† â€Å"I recognize no inexpediency. It is dangerous to allow your people separate fleets in this emergency. Divided action plays into the hands of the enemy. We must unite, ambassador, militarily as well as politically.† Randu felt his throat muscles tighten. He omitted the courtesy of the opening title. â€Å"You feet safe now that Seldon will speak, and you move against us. A month ago you were soft and yielding, when our ships defeated the Mule at Terel. I might remind you, sir, that it is the Foundation Fleet that has been defeated in open battle five times, and that the ships of the Independent Trading Worlds have won your victories for you.† Indbur frowned dangerously, â€Å"You are no longer welcome upon Terminus, ambassador. Your return will be requested this evening. Furthermore, your connection with subversive democratic forces on Terminus will be – and has been – investigated.† Randu replied, â€Å"When I leave, our ships will go with me. I know nothing of your democrats. I know only that your Foundation’s ships have surrendered to the Mule by the treason of their high officers, not their sailors, democratic or otherwise. I tell you that twenty ships of the Foundation surrendered at Horleggor at the orders of their rear admiral, when they were unharmed and unbeaten. The rear admiral was your own close associate – he presided at the trial of my nephew when he first arrived from Kalgan. It is not the only case we know of and our ships and men will not be risked under potential traitors. Indbur said, â€Å"You will be placed under guard upon leaving here.† Randu walked away under the silent stares of the contemptuous coterie of the rulers of Terminus. It was ten minutes of twelve! Bayta and Toran had already arrived. They rose in their back seats and beckoned to Randu as he passed. Randu smiled gently, â€Å"You are here after all. How did you work it?† â€Å"Magnifico was our politician,† grinned Toran. â€Å"Indbur insists upon his Visi-Sonor composition based on the Time Vault, with himself, no doubt, as hero. Magnifico refused to attend without us, and there was no arguing him out of it. Ebling Mis is with us, or was. He’s wandering about somewhere.† Then, with a sudden access of anxious gravity, â€Å"Why, what’s wrong, uncle? You don’t look well.† Randu nodded, â€Å"I suppose not. We’re in for bad times, Toran. When the Mule is disposed of, our turn will come, I’m afraid. â€Å" A straight solemn figure in white approached, and greeted them with a stiff bow. Bayta’s dark eyes smiled, as she held out her hand, â€Å"Captain Pritcher! Are you on space duty then?† The captain took the hand and bowed lower, â€Å"Nothing like it. Dr. Mis, I understand, has been instrumental in bringing me here, but it’s only temporary. Back to home guard tomorrow. What time is it?† It was three minutes of twelve! Magnifico was the picture of misery and heartsick depression. His body curled up, in his eternal effort at self-effacement. His long nose was pinched at the nostrils and his large, down-slanted eyes darted uneasily about. He clutched at Bayta’s hand, and when she bent down, he whispered, â€Å"Do you suppose, my lady, that all these great ones were in the audience, perhaps, when I†¦ when I played the Visi-Sonor?† â€Å"Everyone, I’m sure,† Bayta assured him, and shook him gently. â€Å"And I’m sure they all think you’re the most wonderful player in the Galaxy and that your concert was the greatest ever seen, so you just straighten yourself and sit correctly. We must have dignity.† He smiled feebly at her mock-frown and unfolded his long-boned limbs slowly. It was noon – and the glass cubicle was no longer empty. It was doubtful that anyone had witnessed the appearance. It was a clean break; one moment not there and the next moment there. In the cubicle was a figure in a wheelchair, old and shrunken, from whose wrinkled face bright eyes shone, and whose voice, as it turned out, was the livest thing about him. A book lay face downward in his lap, and the voice came softly. â€Å"I am Hari Seldon!† He spoke through a silence, thunderous in its intensity. â€Å"I am Hari Seldon! I do not know if anyone is here at all by mere sense-perception but that is unimportant. I have few fears as yet of a breakdown in the Plan. For the first three centuries the percentage probability of nondeviation is nine-four point two.† He paused to smile, and then said genially, â€Å"By the way, if any of you are standing, you may sit. If any would like to smoke, please do. I am not here in the flesh. I require no ceremony. â€Å"Let us take up the problem of the moment, then. For the first time, the Foundation has been faced, or perhaps, is in the last stages of facing, civil war. Till now, the attacks from without have been adequately beaten off, and inevitably so, according to the strict laws of psychohistory. The attack at present is that of a too-undisciplined outer group of the Foundation against the too-authoritarian central government. The procedure was necessary, the result obvious.† The dignity of the high-born audience was beginning to break. Indbur was half out of his chair. Bayta leaned forward with troubled eyes. What was the great Seldon talking about? She had missed a few of the words- â€Å"-that the compromise worked out is necessary in two respects. The revolt of the Independent Traders introduces an element of new uncertainty in a government perhaps grown over-confident. The element of striving is restored. Although beaten, a healthy increase of democracy-â€Å" There were raised voices now. Whispers had ascended the scale of loudness, and the edge of panic was in them. Bayta said in Toran’s ear, â€Å"Why doesn’t he talk about the Mule? The Traders never revolted.† Toran shrugged his shoulders. The seated figure spoke cheerfully across and through the increasing disorganization: â€Å"-a new and firmer coalition government was the necessary and beneficial outcome of the logical civil war forced upon the Foundation. And now only the remnants of the old Empire stand in the way of further expansion, and in them, for the next few years, at any rate, is no problem. Of course, I can not reveal the nature of the next prob-â€Å" In the complete uproar, Seldon’s lips moved soundlessly. Ebling Mis was next to Randu, face ruddy. He was shouting. â€Å"Seldon is off his rocker. He’s got the wrong crisis. Were your Traders ever planning civil war?† Randu said thinly, â€Å"We planned one, yes. We called it off in the face of the Mule.† â€Å"Then the Mule is an added feature, unprepared for in Seldon’s psychohistory. Now what’s happened?† In the sudden, frozen silence, Bayta found the cubicle once again empty. The nuclear glow of the walls was dead, the soft current of conditioned air absent. Somewhere the sound of a shrill siren was rising and falling in the scale and Randu formed the words with his lips, â€Å"Space raid!† And Ebling Mis held his wrist watch to his ears and shouted suddenly, â€Å"Stopped, by the â€Å"Ga-LAX-y, is there a watch in the room that is going?† His voice was a roar. Twenty wrists went to twenty ears. And in far less than twenty seconds, it was quite certain that none were. â€Å"Then,† said Mis, with a grim and horrible finality, â€Å"something has stopped all nuclear power in the Time Vault – and the Mule is attacking.† Indbur’s wail rose high above the noise, â€Å"Take your seats! The Mule is fifty parsecs distant.† â€Å"He was,† shouted back Mis, â€Å"a week ago. Right now, Terminus is being bombarded.† Bayta felt a deep depression settle softly upon her. She felt its folds tighten close and thick, until her breath forced its way only with pain past her tightened throat. The outer noise of a gathering crowd was evident. The doors were thrown open and a harried figure entered, and spoke rapidly to Indbur, who had rushed to him. â€Å"Excellence,† he whispered, â€Å"not a vehicle is running in the city, not a communication line to the outside is open. The Tenth Fleet is reported defeated and the Mule’s ships are outside the atmosphere. The general staff-â€Å" Indbur crumpled, and was a collapsed figure of impotence upon the floor. In all that hall, not a voice was raised now. Even the growing crowd without was fearful, but silent, and the horror of cold panic hovered dangerously. Indbur was raised. Wine was held to his lips. His lips moved before his eyes opened, and the word they formed was, â€Å"Surrender!† Bayta found herself near to crying – not for sorrow or humiliation, but simply and plainly out of a vast frightened despair. Ebling Mis plucked at her sleeve. â€Å"Come, young lady-â€Å" She was pulled out of her chair, bodily. â€Å"We’re leaving,† he said, â€Å"and take your musician with you.† The plump scientist’s lips were trembling and colorless. â€Å"Magnifico,† said Bayta, faintly. The clown shrank in horror. His eyes were glassy. â€Å"The Mule,† he shrieked. â€Å"The Mule is coming for me.† He thrashed wildly at her touch. Toran leaned over and brought his fist up sharply. Magnifico slumped into unconsciousness and Toran carried him out potato-sack fashion. The next day, the ugly, battle-black ships of the Mule poured down upon the landing fields of the planet Terminus. The attacking general sped down the empty main street of Terminus City in a foreign-made ground car that ran where a whole city of atomic cars still stood useless. The proclamation of occupation was made twenty-four hours to the minute after Seldon had appeared before the former mighty of the Foundation. Of all the Foundation planets, only the Independent Traders still stood, and against them the power of the Mule – conqueror of the Foundation – now turned itself. How to cite Foundation and Empire 18. Fall Of The Foundation, Essay examples

New Public Management Essay Example For Students

New Public Management Essay INTRODUCTIONPublic sector reforms adopted in a number of countries such as USA, UK and New Zealand in the last fifteen years and characterised by efficiency units, performance management, contracting out, market type mechanisms, and agency status have come to be known as the New Public Management or NPM. Appearance of the NPM as shifting the paradigm from the old traditional model of administration has been promoted by a remarkable degree of consensus among the political leadership of various countries and is presented today as the major tool for public sector management reforms. The elements of NPM have been implemented in diverse forms in different countries depending on their historical nature of bureaucracy and public sector management and reform objectives. For instance, more emphasis was given to performance management in Scandinavian countries, while a stronger accent was on market type mechanisms, contractualisation of the public service and systematic approaches to improving service quality in New Zealand, the UK and the USA. The long-term benefits from these reforms have not been empirically validated. Nevertheless, the major donors are agreed that what developing countries must do to improve public sector management is to sweep away the traditional public administration paradigm that underpins their bureaucracies and introduce the new public management (Turner and Hulme 1997: 230). Mongolia has not escaped from this trend. The Government of Mongolia is preparing to introduce public administration reforms based on the New Zealand experience of contract relationship between resources used and outputs purchased. However, there is a question mark about Mongolias capacity to implement such reforms and wether they meet current needs. Therefore, assuming that the concepts of NPM are quite familiar, attempts have been made to asses the Mongolian situation against prescriptions of the New Zealand model of Public Sector Reform, particularly in relation with the countrys transitional circumstances. THE NEW ZEALAND MODEL OF PUBLIC MANAGEMENTThe proponents of the New Public Management have often identified New Zealand as a good example of this contemporary mode of administrative reform called NPM. New Zealand has implemented an enormous number and range of management reforms since 1988. These include accrual basis accounting and appropriations. Budgeting for outputs rather than inputs, separation of service delivery functions from advisory and regulatory functions, replacing permanent department heads with chief executives appointed for a fixed term, discretion for managers to spend their operating budgets as they deem fit, individual employment contracts for most senior managers, annual purchase agreements between ministers and their departments, annual reports, and audited financial and performance statements (Schick 1998:2). Every element of reform has been designed to establish or strengthen contract-like relationship between the government and ministers as purchasers of goods and services, and departments and other entities as suppliers. This ?new contractualism replaced the relational contracts that characterise traditional public administration (Schick 1998:3). Managerial reform is based on a simple principle: managers cannot be held responsible for results unless they have freedom to act, that is, to spend and hire within agreed budgets as they see fit, to make their own choices concerning office accommodation and other purchases, and to run their organisation free from ex ante control by outsiders. The New Zealand experience shows how effective management practices in the private sector can be brought into a public sector environment and adapted. The change was driven by ideas that have only recently entered mainstream economics and they have been applied with full fidelity to their internal logic. Although one can justify that the country has vastly enlarged the stockpile of public management ideas and practices, however, there remain concerns related to contract-like arrangements in the public sector and there is much more to be accomplished before a final assessment can be made (Schick 1998:4). TRANSITIONAL FEATURES OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION IN MONGOLIAAfter the collapse of the socialist block, radical political and economic changes occurred in most former socialist countries. According to Hesse (1993) the former socialist countries have a number of common characteristics, such as:? a transition from one party rule to a multi-party, pluralist system with democratic and accountable government;? the deconcentration and decentralisation of political power;? the creation of distinct spheres of economics and politics; and,? economic liberalisation. No socialist country has yet completed the full process of economic liberalisation. This is mainly because the task of transforming a former socialist economy is significantly more complicated than the issues facing a typical developing country. In many cases even rudimentary institutions that can be easily converted to market concepts and terminology. The process can be characterised not simply by a transition to a new economic system but also as a fundamental transformation of the whole society and all of its institutions in line with the market philosophy. Earlier literatures on civil service reforms in developing countries indicate that strategically administrative reform was successful, when it was implemented as part of the main economic and political change. There was less chance of its success, when it was undertaken on its own as a separate activity. Unfortunately those who are involved in the design of main economic and political change strategies underestimate the fact that administrative change needs to be undertaken before or together with economic and political change. It is often assumed that there is no political support and not adequate financial and technical resources to undertake public administration reforms. As a result public administration lags behind other sectors and is often criticised for being an obstacle to reforms in other sectors. This characterises the current situation in Mongolia. Despite the profound political and socio-economical changes, which have taken place in Mongolia since 1990, public administration remained the same until recently. The organisation and activities of all levels of the former public management institutions were no longer appropriate for attaining the goals of the reforms in all spheres of economic and political life. This finds its expression in the weakening of the prestige of all state institutions, their inefficient and non-operational activities, and also the ineffectiveness of Mongolian legislation and decisions of public and management institutions. Socrates oresteia EssaySUITABILITY OF THE NEW ZEALAND MODEL FOR MONGOLIAThe reasons explaining why the Government wants such a radical approach to public administration reform in the country are quite clear. The previous administrative reforms did not bring significant improvements in the public sector management and were limited by a number of structural changes in state institutions. Although there were the first attempts by the Government to separate policy coordination, regulatory and implementing functions, the question of whether the structures and functions of recently established agencies are appropriately designed to ensure efficiency and effectiveness of government operations has not been clear. At the same time, the demand for accelerating public reform with the aim to improve overall efficiency has been increased by the pressures from donor organisations. However, it should be noted that there is not sufficient justification and factual arguments developed by both the advocates and the opponents for why the country should not adopt the New Zealand model. Before making a final decision the questions such as what are the real obstacles to success of NPM in Mongolia and what are the real recipes for potential success need to be answered, in other words, there is a need to study the consequences first. It must be admitted that the task to make such a complete analysis is beyond the scope of the current work and for the time being there is very limited literature available to make a base for developing the arguments for why the country should implement NPM. Schick stresses the importance of preconditions for successfully implementing the NPM approach and claims that countries striving to uplift themselves after decades of mismanagement should not ignore these preconditions. He identifies the establishment of a formal public sector, which is based on strong civil service system and long standing habit of public managers to spend public money according to prescribed rules as one of the preconditions. In addition, he notes that if contracts and the rule of law are underdeveloped in business relations, it is highly improbable that they can be safely or effectively applied in the conduct of the governments business (Schick 1998:6). Whether Mongolia has these preconditions may be even questionable that some other developing countries, the public sector of which were operating under colonial systems and in which market mechanisms have been established for years. The transitional features of the public management of Mongolia mentioned earlier could serve as an explanation for why such emphasis should be made. If the New Zealend model is all about applying the best techniques of private sector management in public management, the question of whether just newly emerging private sector of Mongolia has accumulated those techniques and practices is even more doubtful. NPM is often attempted assuming that proper capacity exists, which is not always the case. The actual capacity of Mongolia to apply NPM should be thoroughly investigated, especially when it comes to managers ability decide and to have responsibility. Otherwise the reform may have a impact on the public confidence in the government operations. In Addition, as Hughes (1994: 83) claims, implementation is a real problem if there is insufficient attention paid to it. Implementation is much more costly in developing countries where a traditional model bureaucracy is not well developed and some basic preconditions are not ensured. In Mongolia, informal estimates have been made that USD 20 million are required to implement NPM reforms. This accounts only for the transitional periods from the old to the new system. Some potential donors like the Asian Development Bank and the World Bank are committed to provide technical assistance and program loans in support of the reforms. So far neither the national government nor the donor agencies have made an estimation of how much the country would benefit from the reforms. It is not meaningful to think that if USD 20 million were available to the country today, this would have an automatic impact on the structure, efficiency and vision of the public administration and sustainability of reforms. NPM requires good planning and a very good estimate of the real capacities to implement it and a good program of assistance or training to build these capacities. To some extent, the donors commitments are influenced by their willingness to show at least ane developing or transitional country, where the NPM model will successfully work and it has been encouraged by the interest of the current Government of Mongolia in the model. The major donors are often quick to sell a model that is pre-packaged without carefully looking at the implementation side of it. Public management reform is a difficult process to define and implement in general. In the developing countries problems of inefficiency, culture impact, political pressure and other factors such as corruption and a lack of competitiveness and sophisticated markets render this task even more difficult. Reform programs should have a long-term perspective and be free from political ambitions that could negatively affect their long-term effects and objectives. As there has always been a tendency for the public sector reforms to be donor driven, it is much more desirable to develop a Mongolian version of reform that satisfies the needs of the country and its administrative environment and reality, which may or may not be NPM. The conclusion to be made here is that sooner or later the country should move towards some forms of NPM. However, rather than taking such an extreme and prompt action to immediately adopt the most advanced model of it, the focus should be on capacity building to ensure necessary pre-conditions have been established for its future successful implementation. Political Issues

Energy efficient team project

Introduction Inefficient sources of energy like coal, firewood and petroleum have been the principal causes of climate change and subsequently global warming. The probable effects of global warming are preposterous and it is, therefore, imperative that nations take quick and unequivocal measures to revolutionize their energy sources before it is too late.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Energy efficient team project specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The sole purpose of this paper is to promote awareness on the effects of the use of inefficient sources of energy and inappropriate consumption of energy on social development, the economy and the surrounding at large. It aims at fostering responsible activities geared towards improving the extent of energy effectiveness, both at the local and global levels. In this assignment, we have come up with an energy efficient project that is aimed at improving Saudi Aramco in cluding the communities of Saudi Arabia at large. The project is meant to discourage the use of inefficient sources of energy and educate the public on appropriate measures of utilizing the existing energy. The project report is subdivided in the introduction section, methodology, results, discussion and the conclusion part. It also includes the recommendation and reference sections at the end. Problem description Research conducted in the recent years puts Saudi Arabia at the helm of petroleum production. As a matter of fact, Saudi Arabia was a leading producer and exporter of petroleum and petroleum products. As if that is not enough, the country came second after Russia in the exportation of crude oil. The country is home to one of the biggest world oil reserve; the Ghawar field. This is an implication that it was one of the largest platforms where inefficient source of energy were used. However, this paper is meant to provide proposals to join forces in the fight against the uti lization of exhaustible and hazardous sources of energy. The local people and manufacturing plants of Saudi Arabia need to be sensitized on the importance of embracing renewable sources of energy like solar and wind. They need to understand the cost-effectiveness, safety and reliability of using these forms of energy. In addition to that, these efficient sources of energy have to be brought to their markets for easy access (Richards, 2009). Saudi Arabia has a vast desert land that is best placed to accommodate solar arrays. For this reason, our energy efficient project is based on the most efficient ways to harness solar energy and cut on the use of energy that can be depleted. We focus on solar cells for the production of cheap and dependable electricity both for domestic and industrial uses (Sukhatme, Nayak, 2008). This paper also provides a comprehensive comparison between the nonrenewable and renewable sources of energy that are advocated for here.Advertising Looking for r eport on environmental studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Methodology Before we embarked on the details of this project, we had to evaluate its validity and viability. This is an implication that we had to investigate how urgently the people of Saudi Arabia needed an alternative and cheap source of energy. That notwithstanding, we had to evaluate how acceptable the project would be if implemented in this region. The self-sustainability of the project was also an important part for consideration. The data obtained for the initiation of this project were obtained from web sources, books and other exiting data collected during related studies. The information on the capacity and capability of solar energy to help the people of Saudi Arabia was obtained from reports of King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST). This institution was founded by the Saudi Aramco (Ramawat, 2010). Its sole purpose was to nurture techn ology and science especially in the fields of environment and energy. It then filed a number of reports concerning the exploitation of solar energy in the nation and its outskirts of (Jeffreys, Oxford Business Group, 2011). Results First of all, the information contained in most of the reports and researches indicated that over 90% of the Saudi Arabian population used nonrenewable sources of energy like petroleum and coal-generated electricity. Amazingly, less than half of this population got uninterrupted supply of energy. They equally paid significantly high for the energy whereas they would have paid less than half the amount they spent on energy if this project was implemented. Petroleum, for instance, is faced with a lot of price fluctuations that greatly inconvenienced the people of Saudi Arabia. 67% of the population was willing to adopt new forms of energy with solar being their prime option. However, the rest of the people were not willing to change to new sources of energ y such as solar and wind (Sukhatme, Nayak, 2008). Their main claim was that they had already suffered enough disappointments from the sources of energy they used and were not ready to suffer even worse scenarios from unverified energy sources like wind and solar. It is important to note that a majority of those who rejected a new energy dispensation were manufacturing plants. This is because they were not certain of how much energy would be produced by these alternative sources and whether their machines would be efficiently run by them.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Energy efficient team project specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Discussion It is important to accept the fact that ‘dirty’ energy is a menace in Saudi Arabia. The fact that this country is at the helm of crude oil exportation worldwide puts it in a tricky situation of adopting solar energy as an alternative and perhaps the most prefe rable source of energy. However, we should not look at the whole issue from that point of view. There should be a totally different perspective when it comes to the adoption and embracing of this source of energy. First, it is imperative that we assess the viability of the project in this country (Lippman, Council on Foreign Relations, 2012). Saudi Arabia is a desert land and this makes it suitable for solar energy production. The country benefits from over 4,000 hours of sunshine every year and this makes it most suited for the production of solar energy (Kurokawa, 2007). Aside from the hours of sunshine, the large deposits of desert sand can be of utmost importance in the production of silicon photovoltaic cells for the production of electricity. When this is implemented, it is approximated that the cost of power production would reduce tremendously to about $0.10 per kWh as compared to the current $0.25 per kWh (Ramady, 2010). This implies that customers would be able to access cheaper electricity as compared to their current expenditure. This then solves one major problem that customers are facing and that is unaffordable power. Customers face the problems of climate change in one way or another though indirectly. This is normally brought about by excessive use of petroleum as a source of energy (Negewo, 2012). The clean and green solar energy releases no toxins that would further damage the already deteriorated ozone layer into the atmosphere. Additionally, it causes no environmental pollutions, most of which are characterized by poor health. Through the complete adoption of solar as a source of energy, people of Saudi Arabia are able to evade the effects of polluted environments and depleted natural resources like coal. They are then able to join forces in the fight against global warming. Of course, there is the issue of reliability of solar energy as a primary source of energy in the country. This is an important section because most people would not mind the cost of their power but would mind its reliability. The fact that most parts of the country are desert land and that they receive over 4,000 hours of sunshine every year makes them comparably favorable for solar energy. Therefore, the country can produce sustainable energy from solar (Zuhur, 2011). Conclusion Solar energy is the only viable and most dependable source of energy in Saudi Arabia especially during these times of global pressure for oil producing nations to cut their environmental degradation significantly. Saudi Arabia is suitable for the production of solar energy because it is a desert.Advertising Looking for report on environmental studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This is because of its long hours of stable sunshine (Mahaney, 2007). The fact that existing energy sources have proven too expensive to be afforded by most customers puts solar energy at a favorable position to be embraced by the locals. The government should, therefore, invest in solar energy as a way of improving the living standards of its people and join in the struggle against global warming. Recommendation It is upon the government of Saudi Arabia to take the initiative of revolutionizing the energy sector from the nonrenewable energy to renewable energy. In this case, solar energy will be better placed to thrive in the country as compared to nuclear and wind energy. This assumption was driven at after assessing the cost-effectiveness of the initiation of related projects and their sustainability and safety. References Jeffreys, A., Oxford Business Group. (2011). The report: Saudi Arabia. 2010. London: Oxford Business Group. Kurokawa, K. (2007). Energy from the desert: Pract ical proposals for very large scale photovoltaic systems. London: Earthscan. Lippman, T. W., Council on Foreign Relations. (2012). Saudi Arabia on the edge: The uncertain future of an American ally. Washington, D.C: Potomac Books. Mahaney, I. F. (2007). Solar energy. New York: PowerKids Press. Negewo, B. D. (2012). Closing the water gap in the Middle East and North Africa: Challenges and options. Washington, D.C: World Bank. Ramady, M. A. (2010). The Saudi Arabian economy: Policies, achievements, and challenges. New York: Springer. Ramawat, K. G. (2010). Desert plants: Biology and biotechnology. Heidelberg: Springer. Richards, J. (2009). Solar energy. New York: Marshall Cavendish Benchmark. Sukhatme, S. P., Nayak, J. K. (2008). Solar energy: Principles of thermal collection and storage. New Delhi: Tata McGraw-Hill. Zuhur, S. (2011). Saudi Arabia. Santa Barbara, Calif: ABC-CLIO. This report on Energy efficient team project was written and submitted by user Bowen Hubbard to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Culinary Arts and Hospitality Management

Culinary Arts and Hospitality Management Free Online Research Papers People today seem to think that culinary arts and hospitality management is the same field of work but, these two fields are entirely different in many aspects. There are a lot of careers that can be found that use both aspects of culinary and hospitality however, there are more choices for hospitality careers than there are culinary. Which of these two different yet similar fields dominates the other? Taking into account the classes needed to become a manager, the available career choices in hospitality, and the salaries a manager can earn, one can argue that hospitality management is the better career field to work in than culinary arts. Culinary Arts has been a huge part of the world for quite some time and it is for good reason, culinary artists go through years of training classes and plenty of hands on experience to do what chefs do best. Classes are normally 5 days a week and 7 hours a day and this could only be one class. There are more classes to take even after just this one. Hospitality classes are generally small consisting of 15 to 20 people per class. The students are taught about providing patrons with excellent customer service and being sales driven. Students are learning how to use customer service, planning, and managing others all while they are still in school, all of which can be used in any career field in the world. Students who wish to become managers continue their education and receive the highest degree they can. These classes that are taken are designed to mold future managers on what they should do in their fields and how to manage a few employees up to millions of them in corporations aro und the world. Now both culinary and hospitality have a variety of career choices. Culinary artists can go on to be chefs, caterers, cooks, servers, bartenders and so much more. These are all good jobs to have but they are not always given the credit that is due to them with all their hard work. These employees are behind the scenes in the kitchen where they do not always receive feedback for the work they do and some do not want to even see a customer if they are not people friendly. Hospitality careers surround us everywhere we look even in the culinary world. What would a restaurant be if it did not have a good manager to keep it steady? Hospitality is used in all forms of business including event planning, telemarketing and even something as simple as a street vendor. These positions all require customer interaction and customer service. A manager is needed is all forms of business, if you are a manager you have the responsibilities that need to be tended to, these could be from speaking with a guest or preparing a wedding with limited funding. Chefs today in the world can make anywhere between $20,000 a year to $87,600 depending on how much experience each individual has and if they have a degree. This is a good amount of money if you are on a higher pay scale but with any position in the restaurant world you must first work your way up the ladder of jobs to reach your goal. Starting out most culinary artists only makes $20,000 a year and this is not much to live on in this day in age. Hospitality managers earn as little as $68,000 a year to start and up to $125,000. This does not however; apply to all aspects of hospitality businesses. If you are an event planner you are paid for every event that you plan such as weddings, concerts and even awards shows. These events bring in millions of dollars each event and that is much more than most restaurants can say. These reasons are why I say that a hospitality career is the far better career to have. We go through more classes for training; we have more career options, and are paid higher than most in culinary arts fields. Hospitality is about providing good customer service and without that we would not want to visit any establishment if the employees are rude. Hospitality teaches us how to be hospitable toward guests, where as in the culinary world you are mainly behind closed kitchen doors and do not have to worry about customer interaction. Hospitality workers run their places of business in all aspects, now can culinary artists say the same? I think not. Research Papers on Culinary Arts and Hospitality ManagementMoral and Ethical Issues in Hiring New EmployeesStandardized TestingThe Project Managment Office SystemRiordan Manufacturing Production PlanBionic Assembly System: A New Concept of SelfHip-Hop is ArtAnalysis of Ebay Expanding into AsiaNever Been Kicked Out of a Place This NiceLifes What IfsPETSTEL analysis of India

Reaction paper 9 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Reaction paper 9 - Essay Example It is true that quantitative easing is done for the following reasons; foster employment, encourage lending, encourage borrowing, increase spending and reduce interest rates. However, it should be noted that quantitative easing has various risks such as it increases inflation, reduces international trade, it is also a threat to the value of the US dollar, and it also encourages debt by both organisations and consumers. In relation to this, I think stopping quantitative easing after unemployment has fallen below 7 % will not be bad for the economy. I agree with the author, if the rate of inflation increases from 2% to 2.5% then it will be prudent to stop quantitative easing. In addition, the rate of real GDP has been falling from 2.2 % to 2.4 % and finally to 1.7 %. It means the quantitative easing has very little effect. Furthermore, the reason why federation bank exist is to increase on a sustainable basis real per capita income. However much quantitative easing has various benefits it does not increase economic

Week 12 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Week 12 - Essay Example Associating nicely with my colleagues enabled me to get the positive remarks from them during instances when the organization was conducting some performance appraisals in order to measure the efficiency of their work force. My trick in winning over my fellow workers was to initiate positive communication with them, always on the lookout for their interests, ensuring that I did not breach them, as long as their interests was not against the operations of the organization. This made me popular with my colleagues, and because of this, they helped me in instances when my work load was heavy. The only thing that I could change about my internship experience is the discriminative tendencies in which the organization uses in selecting the employees to train. The organization uses the results it obtains from its performance appraisal measures to select the employees in question. In my own opinion, the organization needs to train all of its employees on the new technological skills they should have for purposes of efficiently conducting their duties Berger, 15). The organization should have a timeline that identifies who should be trained at a certain period, and how it the organization should conduct the train. By doing this, all employees would benefit, and this would result to efficiency in their work performance (Berger, 27). Finally, in my work experience, the issue that I could change is manner in which I controlled my time. Though I used to complete my work at the right time, the problem emanated at the time in which I was supposed to carry out my work. The problem is that I used to take almost an hour, before I began working on my work, and this made me constrain a lot, with the purpose of accomplishing the work before the deadline. The reason to this one hour delay was the time I was taking to collect the materials, and solve certain issues with my colleagues. The thing that I would like to do differently is

Business Management Unfair Product Pricing Essay

Business Management Unfair Product Pricing - Essay Example It is an ethical concerns that becomes particularly urgent in the case of life saving drugs. Trust is closely related to ethical behavior. In fact, the two concepts are inextricably intertwined. Without ethical behavior on the part of a person or entity, it would arguably be impossible to gain the trust of others, who otherwise would have no concrete basis on which to extend that trust. Trust implies a confidence in someone else that they will generally do the right thing and exercise sound judgment when presented with various types of circumstances. Doing the right thing is the essence of what it means to be ethical. In the business context, that means sometimes sacrificing increased profits in order to avoid harm to people or the community. Thus, pharmaceutical companies should consider steeply discounting drugs that can help save lives, particularly for the poor. Such trust can go a long way toward promoting long term goodwill for the business. This can be a key ingredient in establishing long term profitability. Thus, fostering trust by acting ethically is an important long term business strategy for any organization.

The Journey Of Mahatma Gandhi Religion Essay

The Journey Of Mahatma Gandhi Religion Essay Movie: Gandhi (1982) directed by Richard Attenborough and starring Ben Kingsley in the title role. This movie won 9 Academy Awards, including Best Picture, Best Director, Best Actor, Best Screenplay and Best Cinematography. This movie depicts the journey of Mahatma Gandhi from the sole colored (racial discrimination inflicted on him) practicing advocate in South Africa, who is thrown out of a train at Pietermaritzburg on his refusal to shift to a third class coach while holding a valid first class ticket to the leader using the principles of non-violent resistance on behalf of Indian immigrants to his relocation to his mother land, India and inspiring the millions of fellow citizens by his charismatic leadership skills. The movie also portrays his individuality and relationships with his family, close-associates, friends and leaders of Indian Congress Party. Additionally, the principles followed by Mahatma Gandhi are represented fairly with the right blend of external factors including the British policies, poverty prevalent in rural India and discrimination issues affecting his decisions, outlook and strategies adopted together with the building of his Ashram. Who was Gandhi? Mr. Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi, bestowed with the title of Mahatma  [1]  (Hindi word for great soul), lovingly called Bapu (Hindi word for father) by his followers, is the Father of nation  [2]  of India, who not only raised his voice for Swaraj (home rule for India) and taught his countrymen to fight against the British empire, but led the world to believe and still follow his principles of truth and non-violence. Mahatma Gandhi was a qualified Barrister, studied law in University College of London, lead a simple life with his wife, Kasturbai Makhanji and four sons, Harilal, Manilal, Ramdas and Devdas. Though a Hindu by birth, he believed in spirituality and not strict adherence to religious beliefs. The dialogue from the movie Gandhi clearly reveals the same: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦I will begin with the Bible where the words of the Lord are, Love thy neighbor as thyself and then our beloved Gita which says, The world is a garment worn by God, thy neighbor is in truth thyself and finally the Holy Koran, We shall remove all hatred from our hearts and recline on couches face to face, a band of brothers  [3]  . It is easier to explain the austerity of this great leader by borrowing the condolences of Edward R. Murrow from the 1982 movie Gandhi: ..Mahatma Gandhi was not a commander of great armies nor ruler of vast lands, he could boast no scientific achievements, no artistic gift. Yet men, governments and dignitaries from all over the world have joined hands today to pay homage to this little brown man in the loincloth who led his country to freedom Guiding principles and followers: Mahatma Gandhi followed the following 11 vows  [4]  throughout his life: non-violence, truth, non stealing, self discipline, non-possession, Bread labor, control of the palate, Fearlessness, equality of all religions, use of only locally made goods and removal of untouchability. These vows were envisaged in his book Yervada Mandir. He was unperturbed by the consequences that could follow on pursuing these principles, which undoubtedly made him the unique leader of East inspiring leaders across the globe, including Martin Luther King and James Lawson, drew from the writings of Gandhi in the development of their own theories about non-violence. Anti-apartheid activist and former President of South Africa, Nelson Mandela, was inspired by Gandhi. Others include Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan, Steve Biko, Aung San Suu Kyi and Philippine opposition leader during the dictatorship of Ferdinand Marcos, Benigno Aquino, Jr.  [5]  The Time Magazine in December, 1999 edition named The 14th Dalai Lama, Lech WaÅ‚Äâ„ ¢sa, Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., Cesar Chavez, Aung San Suu Kyi, Benigno Aquino, Jr., Desmond Tutu and Nelson Mandela as Children of Gandhi and his spiritual heirs to non-violence.  [6]   His journey, from a briefless barrister  [7]  in Bombay to the half naked Indian fakir  [8]  to the champion of the cause of non-violence and equality, was full of thorns in the form of assorted problems faced by him as well as roses as the numerous followers. Innumerable writers and leaders world-over have diverse opinion about the greatest spiritual and political leader of India. Whether people follow the principles of Mahatma Gandhi or they loathe him, his immense work cannot be ignored. In the words of Martin Luther King Jr. in the year 1955: Christ gave us the goals and Mahatma Gandhi the tactics.  [9]  The person of the century  [10]  Albert Einstein in his condolence message declared that Generations to come will scarce believe that such a one as this walked the earth in flesh and blood. Johanna Macgeary, a journalist with Time magazine quoted: His generation knew him as a radical political agitator; ours shrugs off a holy man with romantic notions of a pure, pre-industrial life. Further reporting that even his principal adversary, the Afrikaner leader Jan Smuts, recognized the power of his idea: Men like him redeem us from a sense of commonplace and futility.  [11]   The President of USA, Mr. B. H. Obama at the Wakefield High School speech in September 2009, quickly responded to a question posed on him as who was the one person, dead or alive, that he would choose to dine with? as Gandhi!, who he considers his biggest inspiration.  [12]   Leadership style: Leadership is a process of social influence in which one person can enlist the aid and support of others in the accomplishment of a common task.  [13]  There are diverse opinions and theories regarding definitions and classifications of leadership styles. Nevertheless, in the words of Vance Packard Leadership appears to be the art of getting others to want to do something you are convinced should be done. Leadership style is the summation of manner and approach of a leader in providing direction towards the accomplishment of a common task, implementing plans and motivating people. Kurt Lewin  [14]  led a group of researchers to identify different styles of leadership and established three major styles of leadership  [15]  as: authoritarian or autocratic; participative or democratic and delegative or laissez-faire. Participative leader: Mahatma Gandhi definitely was a participative or democratic leader, who involved the whole team in planning and goal setting, problem solving and emphasised team building; on the other hand, he retained his decision making authority that could not be challenged. Rather than deciding in an autocratic manner, he involved other people in the process, including his subordinates, peers, superiors and other stakeholders. Since the political situation then, was dynamic and changing frequently, the required democratic leadership flowed from Mahatma Gandhi. He brought out the best of experience and skill from the fellow Congress leaders, seniors and followers. He had a strong conviction with the right blend of flexibility and chose the appropriate approach to be followed. The communication channels used were open and transparent; and in case of any changes, the strategy was explained unambiguously. Theories of leadership: Various theories have been propounded on the concept of leadership based on varied attributes of a leader including traits, situational interaction, function, behavior, power, vision and values, charisma, and intelligence among others.  [16]   Transformational Leadership: Transformational leadership  [17]  as defined by Burns, is the process of motivating the team by leader to be effective and efficient and engaging their commitments in the context of the shared values and shared vision. It involves relationship of mutual trust between the leaders and the followers. Mahatma Gandhi beyond doubt was a transformational leader. He utilised his communication skills for facilitating and focusing his peers and followers on the final desired outcome or goal attainment. In consonance with Burns analysis, Mahatma Gandhi was highly visible and used chain of command. He focused on the ideal vision of Swaraj Home rule for India, and was surrounded by numerous other leaders who were responsible and accountable for the interim milestones leading to attaining the target. All the four elements of a transformational leader were evident in Mahatma Gandhis leadership: individualized consideration, intellectual stimulation, inspirational motivation and idealized influence. He attempted to attend to his followers individual needs, acting as their mentor and addressing their concerns. He unconditionally supported his followers and respected their individual contributions. The followers also had aspirations for self development and were motivated towards accomplishing their responsibilities. He was never averse to taking risks and was open to nurturing associates and followers. He articulated a common vision which inspiring not only his followers, but his peers and other contemporary leaders. Leaders with inspirational motivation challenge followers with high standards, communicate optimism about future goals, and provide meaning for the task at hand. Followers need to have a strong sense of purpose if they are to be motivated to act. Purpose and meaning pro vide the energy that drives a group forward. The visionary aspect of leadership are supported by communication skills that makes it precise and powerful. The followers are willing to invest more effort in their tasks, they are encouraged and optimistic about the future and believe in their abilities. 4. Idealized Influence Provides vision and sense of mission, instills pride, gains respect and trust. It involves having a clear vision and a sense of purpose. Such leaders are able to win the trust and respect of the followers. They build a base for future mission, which enables them to obtain extra efforts from the followers. Charismatic Leader Till now we have read about different types of leaders but some times it happens that we are awed by a leader and follow him/her blindly. The personal charm of the person influences us. These types of leaders are known as charismatic leaders. Mahatma Gandhi was also an example of charismatic leader. The charismatic leaders have the ability to carry the masses the them. They have a great deal of emotional appeal. Swami Vivekanand was another charismatic leader. Some characteristicof charismatic leaders are followers accept the leader unquestioningly. followers obey the leader willingly. followers beleif are similar to the leaders beleifs. followers trust the correctness of the leaders beleif. Servant leadership: Contemporary leaders:

Lansdowne Hermes :: Art Analysis

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Sculpture is a medium that artists in ancient Greek commonly used to express spoken truths in an unspoken form. Every piece of ancient Greek sculpture has more than what the eye sees to explain the story behind the [in this case] marble.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Viewing the Lansdowne Hermes with a naked eye and what you will see is a larger than life-size statue depicting a man with an ideal body leaning with the majority of his weight on his right foot. His right arm is resting on his right buttock in an almost effortless pose. The left side of his body tells a different story. His left foot has barely any weight on it, and his left arm is supporting a pretty large portion of cloth wrapped so it perfectly wraps around the shoulder and rests just above the wrist. It appears that he was at one time holding some sort of sword or stick. To the naked eye that is what this sculpture seems to be, accepting a sculpture as a piece of art. Glancing at the Lansdowne Hermes you can appreciate beauty of art for beauty of art. However the sculptor had much more in mind when he created this figure from a large unscathed piece of marble. Looking deeper into the statue a trained (or imaginative) eye can see more than what is just given at a glance. The pose given by Hermes is the classical pose of contraposto. Contraposto is a pose developed where the majority of the weight is placed on one leg and the other leg in a relaxed with relatively no weight on it in a position that can both be relaxed and ready to jump to action in the same resting position. The virtually unnoticed half palm tree that Hermes is resting against gives a divine character an almost mortal because of the necessity of support on an earthly object. In the pose where the presence of strength and anticipation of a move, there is also the presence of a mortal presence. The balance of the counter limb activity is present in the contraposto stance expressing a certain diagonal symmetry. In the Lansdowne Hermes both the right arm and the left leg are in the resting position awaiting the next motion. The right arm is resting on the right buttock anticipat ing some sort of motion or action to be carried out by the seemingly dormant arm.

Dr. Jose Rizal Essay

Topic (textbook pages, lesson number, unit). Time allotment. | Materials Needed| * Do not include standard classroom equipment (e. g. , chalkboard). * Include things such as books, colored pencils, PowerPoint presentation, handouts, etc. | Objectives| * District, state, and national standards (whatever is applicable at the school). * Long-term objectives (describe the lesson as part of a larger idea, such as a one-day lesson on Louis XIV that contributes to understanding the chapter concept on the growth of absolute monarchy). Short-term (lesson) objectives: Measurable and specific, phrased in terms of â€Å"the student will†¦ â€Å"| Procedures| * Introduction: Start with a hook (an attention-getter) to introduce the lesson. This should be understandable and relatable, and should activate prior knowledge. * Instruction: How will the goals of the lesson be reached? What will the students do to reach the objectives? Will the students complete a learning task in teams? Will the students take notes from a lecture? Closing: Students demonstrate that they followed the instructions. This includes anything from sharing teamwork results, to review questions over a lecture or PowerPoint. | Independent Work| * This includes follow-up work done in class or as homework. * Any work assigned should be an extension of the in-class lesson. Ideally, it simultaneously reinforces the lesson, builds upon it, and creates background knowledge for the next lesson. | Assessment| * Determine whether or not the goals of the lesson have been reached. Types of assessment may vary. * Formal assessments include quizzes, tests, work (such as essays) evaluated according to a rubric, etc. * Informal assessments include looking over students’ completed assignments, question-and-answer sessions, etc. | Reflection| * This is done after the lesson as a self-reflection exercise. * What parts of this lesson worked well? How might these parts be made even better? * What parts of this lesson did not work? Why? Should these parts be altered, changed, or scrapped?

buy custom Excellence for all Children Act essay

buy custom Excellence for all Children Act essay The Excellence for all Children Act (1999) set various goals in order to improve the United States standards of education. The Act was enacted to ensure that students graduating from American schools were in a position to compete in the global market. Furthermore, it was aimed at ensuring that all children have access to quality education that meets the international standards. Over the years, the government and other stakeholders, such as the parents and teachers, have worked tirelessly to see the goals realized. Unfortunately, the state of education, especially at the middle school level, is still wrangling with challenges and it has not improved much with time. United States has put in place various measures to ensure that the goals set in the Excellence for all Children Act are achieved. Among the areas have seen a lot of improvement is the increased enrollment of children from poor families into elementary schools. Recently, there has been an enormous increase in the number of children attending junior schools - a trend that can be attributed to improved parental participation in childs education. The enactment of No Child Left Behind Act of 2001 has also contributed greatly to ensuring that all children are incorporated into quality learning regardless of their familys financial status. Though the estimated rate of 90% for the number of graduates from high school is yet to be achieved, the number has considerably increased. Over the years, middle schools have been blamed because of bad behaviors, drug abuse, high rate of drop-out, and poor performance in national and international competitions. These challenges have continued to affect the state of education in middle schools. Researchers attribute this to lack of parents participation and to the emotional, physical as well as psychological changes that students face at this stage. The competency of students leaving grade 4, 8 and 12 in mathematics and sciences has not improved either. International comparison studies have shown tht students in elementary school perform better in mathematics and sciences, but this drops once they get to the middle school. National tests have shown that 8th graders, especially the Latinos and African-Americans, perform poorly in mathematics and science (National Center for Education Statistics, 1996). Nevertheless, the performance gaps between the whites and other groups have narrowed over the time, which shows that the measures put in place in order to minimize the disparities have worked. According to National Assessment of Adult Literacy, there has been an increase in literacy level of adults above 16 years in the US (National Assessment of Adult Literacy, 2005). The survey conducted in 2005 established that more people in US could read and write without much difficulty. The goal aimed at ensuring that every school in the United States is free from violence, drugs, firearms and alcohol has still a long way towards being a reality. In recent times, there have been various incidences when a student walks to a classroom, shoots his colleagues and teachers at cold blood and proceeds to murder himself. Such behavior may result from drug abuse, peer pressure or stress. Moreover, it has been found that U.S. students perform relatively lower as compared to students in other developed countries having the same mode of teaching. A research done by National Middle School Association found out that children in the U.S. do not start out behind those of other countries in mathematics and science performance, but they do lag behind by the end of the middle school level. The level of performance has been also affected by group differences. Thus, as it was mentioned above, the performance of whites is relatively high as compared to that of Black-Americans, but according to the latest statistics the gap has progressively narrowed. Differences in performance have also been associated with learning environments. Students from rich families who attend first class schools perform much better in their national exams as compared to those from poor families. The No Child Left Behind Act was put in place to ensure all groups are accounted for in order to narrow the di fferences in performance. The measures put in place have worked effectively, but still much more needs to be done. In 2009, an estimate of 89.8 percent of 18- through 24-year-olds had either received a high school diploma or other alternative credential. Overall high school completion rates have increased since 1972. The rate was at 83.9 percent in 1980 and rose to 89.8 percent in 2009. (Common Core of Data, 2009). States in the west had slightly higher completion rates as compared to those in the east. In 2009, more girls graduated from high school than boys. To ensure a successful implementation of Excellence for all Children Act, the local board can integrate and use various techniques. For instance, the board should ensure full participation of parents and teachers in molding and motivating children to work hard in school. Low self-esteem and less involvement of parents have contributed to the fact that many students perform poorly and others drop out of school. Bright students from financially disadvantaged families end up dropping school at some higher level due to lack of finances to cover school fees. The government should come up with an initiative to help fund the education of the underprivileged. The school board should set up targets and lay out proper procedures of achieving them. They should create competition within the school and keep encouraging the students to perform better. With the students competing among themselves, a platform for tackling the national exams will be created. This will also help students bring out the ir creativity skills and facilitate innovations. The goals set by Excellence for all Children Act (1999) have continued to provide a benchmark for schools to evaluate themselves in their efforts to standardize their learning environment. Although some goals are yet to be fully achieved, we should appreciate the positive changes seen in our schools. Buy custom Excellence for all Children Act essay

How to Study Archaeology in High School

How to Study Archaeology in High School Although Archaeology isnt offered in every high school, there are lots of relevant subjects to study: history of all kinds, anthropology, religions of the world, geography, civics and economics, biology, botany, chemistry, physics, languages, computer classes, math and statistics, even business classes. All of these courses and a host of others will help you when you start your formal education in archaeology; in fact, the information in these courses will probably help you even if you decide not to go into archaeology. Choose relevant electives. They are presents given to you for free by the school system, and theyre usually taught by teachers who love their subjects. A teacher who loves her/his subject is a great teacher, and that is great news for you. Beyond that, there are several things you can do to practice skills youll need in archaeology. Write All the Time One of the most crucial skills any scientist can have is the ability to express him/herself well. Write in a journal, write letters, write on little scraps of paper you find lying around. Work on your descriptive powers. Practice describing simple everyday objects around you, even: cell phone, book, DVD, tree, tin can, or whatever is nearest you. You dont have to describe what its used for, necessarily, but what is the texture like, what is its overall shape, what color is it. Use a thesaurus, just pack your descriptions with words. Sharpen Your Visual Skills Buildings are perfect for this. Find an older building- it doesnt have to be terribly old, 75 years or more would be fine. If it is old enough, the house you live in works perfectly. Look at it closely and try to see if you can tell what might have happened to it. Are there scars from old renovations? Can you tell if a room or a window sill was painted a different color once? Is there a crack in the wall? Is there a bricked-up window? Is there a stain on the ceiling? Is there a staircase that goes nowhere or a doorway thats permanently shut? Try to figure out what happened. Visit an Archaeological Dig Call up the local university in town- the anthropology department in the states and Canada, the archaeology or ancient history departments in other parts of the world. See if theyre running an excavation this summer, and see if you can visit. Many of them would be happy to give you a guided tour. Talk to People and Join Clubs People are a terrific resource that all archaeologists use, and you need to recognize that and practice it. Ask someone you know who is older than you or from a different place to describe their childhood. Listen and think about how alike or different your lives have been so far, and how that might have affected the way you both think about things. Join the local archaeology or history club. You dont have to be a professional to join them, and they usually have student rates to join that are pretty cheap. Lots of towns, cities, states, provinces, regions have societies for people who are interested in archaeology. They publish newsletters and magazines and often schedule meetings where you can go hear talks by archaeologists, or even offer training courses for amateurs. Books and Magazines Subscribe to an archaeology magazine, or go read them in the public library. There are several excellent public archaeology outlets where you can learn about how archaeology works, and the latest copies may very well be in your public library right this minute. Use the library and the Internet for research. Every year, more and more content-oriented websites are produced on the Internet; but the library has a vast array of stuff as well, and it doesnt take a computer to use it. Just for the heck of it, research an archaeological site or culture. Maybe you can use it for a paper in school, maybe not, but do it for you. Nurture Your Curiosity The most important thing for any student in any discipline is to learn all the time. Start learning for yourself, not just for school or for your parents or for some possible job in the future. Take every opportunity that comes along, investigate and sharpen your curiosity about the world and the way it works. That is how you become any kind of a scientist: Be excessively curious.

Exploring Customer Attitude Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Exploring Customer Attitude - Essay Example The pilot study will be undertaken to capture the attitude of a convenient sample in and around Hertfordshire, where Playful Times Toys which will be representative of the companies population. Both qualitative and quantitative techniques will be used. In the qualitative categories, in depth interviews of about 25 existing channel partners of the acquired company will be undertaken using the semi-structured interview technique. In the quantitative category, questionnaires will be administered both physically and using internet to about 500 potential customers comprising parents and grandparents of kids. The qualitative data will be analysed using subjective, interpretative techniques. The quantitative data will be analysed using both descriptive and inferential statistical techniques such as hypothesis testing, Chi-square testing, analysis of variance, correlational studies, and regression analysis. Subsequently conclusions will be drawn and recommendations will be made. 2. Introduct ion 2.1 Background Playful Times Toys’ decision to move away from the electronic toy market to traditional wooden toy market and consequent acquisition of a company that specialised in production of traditional wooden toys necessitated a market research to develop suitable promotional programme aimed at the potential customers in the wooden toys market. The research is significant for Playful Times Toys as the acquired company specialised in production of wooden building blocks, farmyard animals, train sets, and other vehicles for children aged 2-10. The company marketed these products on the basis of their perceived educational value. Playful Times Toys intention to develop promotional programmes aimed at the parents and grandparents customer segment signs a departure from its own and that of the acquired company’s marketing experience and infrastructure. 2.2 Overview of toy market Toy market is dependent on two factors (1) the number of children, and (2) gross domest ic product (GDP), which would enable to purchase. Usually toy products are categorised under 11 categories as (1) action figures & accessories; (2) arts & crafts; (3) building sets; (4) dolls; (5) games & puzzles; (6) infant/preschool toys; (7) youth electronics; (8) outdoor & sports toys; (9) plush; (10) vehicles; and (11) all other toys. World’s toy market can be divided into two categories (1) 0 to 14 years old, and (2) 15 + years based on based on the GDP/Inhabitant. 2.2.1 Top toy markets of the world In 2007, European region was the largest market with 32 per cent market share, closely followed by North American region with 31 per cent market share, while the Asiatic region accounted for 24 per cent market share. Latin America and the Caribbean markets accounted for 7 per cent, African region 4 per cent and the Oceania accounted for 2 per cent of the global market share. However, by the end of 2008, the Asiatic market grew by three per cent whereas both North American an d European markets registered decline. Latin American and the Caribbean markets grew by 1 per cent. The composition of world toy market by region is placed in the figure below. Figure 1: World toy market by region – 2008 Source: Guinaudeau, P., 2009. Toy Markets in the World. [Online] The NPD Group (2009 Edition) Available

Comparing self esteem and depression in nursing students Essay

Comparing self esteem and depression in nursing students - Essay Example For instance, in reference to sadness, the number of students who felt sad was six. Out of the other students, the ethnic groups that reportedly felt sad in most instances are the Hispanic, Haitian, as well as the Philipino. It should be noted that in this study, the scores that represent the various variables under study are either one or zero. A notable result from the study is the fact that all of the participating students admittedly cried more often than they used to. This could be related to the levels of depression in the course of pursuing their education. However, there are other factors which could be attributed to the behavioral trait (Tomori & Rus-Makovec, 2000). Self esteem can be related to failure. Those who feel like failures are most cases having low self esteem. Consequently, in the above study, the revelation is that most of the students, actually all, never felt like failures. These levels of self appreciation can also be related to responses to such issues such as what is viewed as failure in the past. Besides, only one student responded that he never enjoyed what was previously perceived to be a source of enjoyment. Pessimism is akin to a variable that can be used to reflect on the levels of self esteem amongst the students. In this case, most of the students were upbeat about their future prospects. In fact, out of those who participated in the study, only two Latinos responded that they were not really upbeat about their futures. The insinuation is that most of the students in the faculty of nursing are really optimistic. When critically analyzed, the optimism comes from the fact that they have a high self esteem (Beck, Steer, & Brown, 1996). The feeling of being worthless is an attribute that reflects low self esteem. In reference to the attribute, most of the students scored zero which insinuate that they never felt worthless. Consequently, the insinuation from the study is that the prevalence of depression amongst the students

Critical context, Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Critical context, - Essay Example ong had never taken place at all based on an assessment of economic and other losses and injuries that have been caused to the Plaintiff.3 Tort offers an option for the victims to shift at least some of the costs for the damages that they have to bear on to others who may be partly responsible for the fate of the victim. In order to establish a cause of action under tort, three aspects must be established: Liability under tort is generally determined along the lines of (a) strict liability or (b) no fault liability. Under the tort of strict liability, a defendant will be obliged to pay damages for a breach of duty of care and the Court will not question whether or not the defendant has acted in a justifiable manner. On the other hand in a case of no fault liability, it is possible that a victim may not receive damages for the harm caused if there has been a good justifiable reason for the wrong that has been perpetrated on the victim. Applying this to the case of the Marsh Down school children, the children and their parents could have had good cause to file a suit for tort on the basis of personal injuries at the disco, if they had suffered them. Firstly, the nature of the harm would have been serious enough to merit a cause of action, secondly, the cause of such injuries would have been the wrongful action of the school in giving publicity to the August camp in the local paper, especially in view of ethnic diversities among the school children. The School could have therefore been a party to the suit, with the supervising teachers – Clyde West, James, Dot and Duff being cited as respondents. It is the school that is most likely to be held liable, because the teachers are employed by the school and injuries that have occured to students at the dicso are the result of the failure of the teachers to protect them. As a result, vicarious liability will be imputed to the school, since an employer is expected t o be responsible for the negative consequences

Founding Brothers Essay Example for Free

Founding Brothers Essay The novel, Founding Brothers, written by Joseph Ellis is a thought provoking novel on the intertwined lives of George Washington, Thomas Jefferson, James Madison, John Adams, Alexander Hamilton, Aaron Burr and Ben Franklin. Ellis calls the 1790’s the most decisive decade in our country. The author exemplifies three major points in our nation’s history: George Washington and his prominent legacy; the collaborative yet antagonistic relationship between Thomas Jefferson and John Adams; and the many problems of the young union during its revolutionary era. George Washington was a monumental character and played a vital role in the molding of our country. Although, his reputation was nearly impeccable, he was great in stature, standing at six foot four. The farewell address was a key element to Washington’s legacy. In this he displayed how grateful he was to have such a remarkable opportunity to serve his country, although this only was the beginning part of his speech. Secondly he decided to stress the importance of the union. But it started in 1776 when Washington was being described as â€Å"Father of our Country† prematurely. Even Ben Franklin acknowledged Washington’s supremacy. In the 1790’s Washington was well known, he was the presiding officer at the Constitutional Convention and the chief executive of the federal government. â€Å"Washington was the core of gravity that prevented the American Revolution from flying off into random orbits, the stable center around which the revolutionary energies formed† (Ellis 121). He impacted the government tremendously with his way of thinking and his attitude toward the need for national unity. He talked about independence from foreign nations; he devoted several paragraphs to this in his in his address. Washington always made the well- being of the country first. For example, when Continental Congress wanted help the French with an invasion of Canada, Washington opposed. He feared that that putting the France in possession of that capital that they would become greedy, and doubted that they would withdraw once they were ensconced in Canada. I think that he may have felt that also, America was young and still growing as a country. He was criticized for this decision. In closing on Washington’s legacy, I feel that there were many reasons why he retired. In short, he was just getting old and probably couldn’t take the political pressure. He was also going through a physical decline. Washington intended for his farewell address to be advice to his countrymen. He wanted them to sustain without, and without a king. Adams and Jefferson were indeed friends but had different agendas on how the country should be run. Their relationship was unique; they were great friends but even better competitors. The presidency drove them apart. Adams was a federalist, and Jefferson was a democratic republican so to speak. Through the Continental congress and diplomatic missions they became close friends. As they worked more together Adams developed more respect Jefferson, although he was less effusive. The low point of their relationship was definitely after the election in 1800. After this their relationship became more antagonistic. As politicians and colleagues they went through many phases. After the election they did not speak for a long 12 years. Adams felt that Jefferson had betrayed their friendship. After the death of Jefferson daughter, Abigail Adams began to exchange letters of condolences. Jefferson confused it as an invitation to reconcile with Adams family. The two disputed briefly, John didn’t find out until several months later. Finally in January of 1812, Adams sent a letter from Quincy to Monticello. â€Å"Why then, did Adams take the fateful step, which led to a fourteen year exchange of 158 letters, a correspondence that is generally regarded as the intellectual capstone to the revolutionary generation and the most impressive correspondence between prominent states in all of American history† (Ellis 223)? For the last 15 years of their lives they contacted each other through letters and rebuilt their friendship. On the 50th Anniversary of the signing of the Declaration of the Independence, both Thomas Jefferson and John Adams died within hours of each other. They will never be forgotten for the inevitable and timely contributions to our young country. In the introduction Ellis describes the American Revolution perfectly with the statement â€Å"No event in American history which was so improbable at the time has seemed as inevitable in retrospect as the American Revolution†. America’s victory seemed beyond improbable seeing as how England had the greatest army of the Revolutionary era. The young colonists chose to seek out alliances with the French, Dutch, and Spanish due to their lack of monetary resources, experience or even the pure man power. British beforehand, even tried attacking the colonists politically which had their in leading to an inevitable rebellion. They initiated taxes, and other events such as the Boston Massacre took place that ignited the young colonists to take stand against Great Britain. Though faith, inspiration and prosperity the Americans shocked the world, defeated the odds and took the victory in 1783, securing their new independent world. This victory inspired countries worldwide to rebel against the tyrannical empires that were controlling them. This victory is evident in today’s society as America thrives as country that influences others and still is, independent. Founding Brothers truly exposes a much more personal point of view of our founding fathers and their irrefutable destiny. Joseph Ellis targets critical elements of their and what they thought was best for the young country of America. They molded something bigger than themselves during this revolutionary era. The author really brings to life the intricate detail of Washington’s legacy and the partnership between two great leaders Thomas Jefferson and John Adams. Joseph Ellis’ statement was more than valid; it justifies American in a few short words.